Projeto que privatiza produção científica e tecnológica é aprovado no Senado

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O PLC77/2015 foi votado na íntegra e, como não sofreu alterações, segue para sanção da Presidência

Por unanimidade, o Senado aprovou na quarta-feira (9) o Projeto de Lei da Câmara (PLC) 77/2015, que cria o Código Nacional de Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação, legalizando as parcerias público-privadas na pesquisa científica brasileira. O projeto será encaminhado agora à Presidência da República, para sanção.

A proposta, do deputado Bruno Araújo (PSDB-PE), regulamenta a Emenda Constitucional 85 e é um dos itens da Agenda Brasil, conjunto de medidas apresentadas pelo Senado para retirar direitos sociais e manter o superávit primário, favorecendo o uso de recursos públicos na iniciativa privada, e vice-versa. O senador Walter Pinheiro (PT-BA) retirou as 12 emendas apresentadas por ele para que o projeto não voltasse para a Câmara dos Deputados e pudesse ser sancionado sem vetos.

Para Epitácio Macário, 2º vice-presidente do ANDES-SN e um dos coordenadores do Grupo de Trabalho de Ciência e Tecnologia (GTCT) do Sindicato Nacional, o PLC 77 representa uma regressão imensa no sistema público de ciência e tecnologia. “O PLC é mais um ataque, um passo a mais na abertura das veias do fundo público para a apropriação privada. Esse projeto abre a possibilidade de que as empresas privadas direcionem as pesquisas no país, faculta o compartilhamento de infraestrutura física e recursos humanos das universidades e institutos de pesquisa públicos com empresas privadas. O patrimônio humano e material de Ciência e Tecnologia públicos passarão a ser compartilhados, de acordo com a nova lei, com organizações sociais e empresas privadas da área científica”, explica.

Macário avalia que será muito difícil reverter esse processo, uma vez que o PLC 77 estava na Agenda Brasil e faz parte de um projeto maior de privatização do fundo público. “Teremos muita dificuldade, mas vamos nos juntar às demais organizações que estão na luta em defesa do caráter público da pesquisa científica no país e contra o PLC 77 e nos dirigiremos à presidência, pedindo que haja o veto ao projeto”, comenta.

Dentre os ataques contidos na legislação aprovada no Senado, o diretor do ANDES-SN destaca o fato da regulamentação da criação e atuação das instituições científicas, tecnológicas e de inovação (ICTs), que em sendo organizações sociais ou empresas privadas, terão total acesso ao fundo público.

“É um avanço vigoroso do processo de privatização dos recursos humanos e patrimônio científico públicos. Em médio prazo temos a possibilidade do conhecimento desenvolvido nas instituições públicas não possam ser publicados pelos professores e pesquisadores, pois as ICTs vão deter a patente. Ou seja, a produção de conhecimento será patenteada e controlada por instituições privadas, que funcionarão dentro das instituições públicas”, detalha.

Ainda de acordo com o 2º vice-presidente do ANDES-SN, o PLC 77 representa uma grande ameaça à contratação, via concursos públicos, de professores e pesquisadores e compromete o regime de Dedicação Exclusiva. A lei faculta, por exemplo, que o professor concursado em DE possa criar, gerir ou participar das ICTs, sendo liberado das suas atividades para atuar no âmbito das instituições privadas, interrompendo o regime de DE, que é algo central na carreira de docente e pesquisador.

“A Dedicação Exclusiva fica seriamente comprometida. Assim como a carreira de maneira geral, já que fica mais facilitada a contratação via Organizações Sociais, que passarão a fazer contratos de prestação de serviço ou pela CLT. Anuncia-se o fim da carreira docente como a conhecemos”, alerta.

“Ao invés de darmos um passo à frente, democratizando a ciência e a tecnologia no Brasil, estamos dando três passos atrás, vinculando a produção científica e tecnológica ao mercado, e entregando nosso patrimônio público”, afirma o docente.

Histórico do PLC

Segundo Epitácio Macário, o projeto quando proposto em 2011 na forma de PL 2177 confrontava alguns preceitos da Constituição Federal de 1988 e, por isso, teve que ficar em espera, enquanto deputados elaboravam uma Proposta de Emenda à Constituição (PEC 290/13), aprovada em fevereiro de 2015, que originou a Emenda 85. O que abriu as portas para a tramitação do projeto.

“A Constituição previa o investimento estatal prioritariamente para a ciência básica e essa mudança constitucional incluiu a inovação no mesmo patamar da ciência e tecnologia, para responder às demandas do mercado, e tirando o termo básico, o que implica uma mudança considerável, pois quando falamos em tecnologia e inovação falamos de produto. Outra mudança tem a ver com a garantia de oferta de educação e ciência. Agora o fundo público pode ser investido diretamente em empresas nacionais e estrangeiras que realizem atividades de pesquisa e desenvolvimento em atividades de pesquisa, desenvolvimento e inovação”, ressalta o diretor.

Com informações de Agência Senado e imagem de EBC

Fonte: ANDES-SN

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